A Brief Introduction to Malaysian Politics : for everyone who slept through the subject in school

 ( It's so wasteful, when you think about it. Almost like an NGO's ratio of fund-raising to cause-fixing activities. )

A. there is a Federal Constitution; everything starts here.

(A.) delegates power to states

B. states may have their own State Constitutions

A1. Federal laws come under (A.) and are created/updated/deleted via Dewan Rakyat and Dewan Negara (MPs, Senators)

B1. State laws come under (B.) and are created/updated/deleted via Dewan Undangan Negeri (ADUNs)

A2. Federal agencies/bodies take their orders from federal officials, typically headed by Ministers

B2. State agencies/bodies take their orders from state officials

A3. Federal budgets (money spent to get things done) is the MOF's purview, mostly from taxes and petroleum revenue

B3. As (forum member) mentioned ... state budgets are highly dependent on federal allocation ... as states do not have a lot of tax jurisdiction in Malaysia (other countries like the US have more taxes understate)

The main job of MPs, and DUNs is actually to C/R/U/D the laws A1/B1 ... all the other "conventional activity" that the population expects of them "listen to my complaints, fix my roads" is literally "just politics" ... or "what I have to do for you to get voted into a role where you will let me do A1/B1" (or because I like the respective salary).